What is the difference between == and === in JavaScript?
In JavaScript, == is the loose equality operator,which compares two values for equality after performing type coercion if necessary. This means it converts the operands to the same type before comparing.
=== is the strict equality operator, which compares both the values and their types, without performing type conversion.
- What’s new in ECMAScript 2025 (ES2025)?
ECMAScript 2025 (ES2025) Key Features:
Promise.withResolvers() → Returns a promise with its resolve and reject, simplifying async control.
Immutable Array Methods → New methods like findLast(), toReversed(), and toSorted() return new arrays instead of mutating originals.
RegExp v flag → Adds better Unicode handling in regular expressions.
Hashbang grammar → Officially allows #! at the start of JS files for CLI scripts.
Is JavaScript compiled or interpreted?
JavaScript is mostly interpreted, but modern browsers also compile it just-in-time (JIT) to make it faster.
The browser reads your JavaScript code line by line and runs it directly.
Modern browsers (like Chrome’s V8 engine) first translate parts of your code into machine code while running it, so the computer can execute it much faster.













