Machine Learning and Deep Learning: A Practical Guide for
Machine learning and deep learning belong to the class of artificial intelligence, on which modern technologies are based. From voice assistants to recommendation systems and various applications of computer vision, they permeate every person’s daily life.
However, the very concept of ML can seem confusing at first, as can the differences between ML and DL. In this article, I highlight the primary contrasts and similarities between these domains, as well as briefly describe their main types and applications.
What Is Machine Learning?
Machine learning (ML) is a subclass of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn from examples provided by a human. Instead of writing detailed instructions, which would be impossible in many cases, the programmer enters the set of examples and the learning algorithm. As a result, the computer system itself finds patterns in the data.
For example, a trained ML algorithm can distinguish between letters and determine the contours of images. Using data mining, it can find patterns in a database, for instance, find out which buyer profile is more likely to be interested in a particular product. Some common applications of ML include recommendation systems, fraud detection, predictive analytics, search engines, customer relationship management, and speech recognition.
What Is Deep Learning?
Deep learning (DL) is a special type of ML that uses artificial neural networks with many layers to analyze and interpret data. DL techniques are considered one of the most promising ways to implement AI. Unlike traditional ML, DL can learn the representation of data directly from large sets of raw data, including images, sounds, and texts.
Some examples of DL applications include image recognition, speech-to-text translation, AI applications, computer vision, self-driving cars, and generative technologies. The capabilities of DL are mainly due to the availability of powerful computers, increased data literacy, and improvements in data collection. These technologies are now considered the core of many systems.
Machine Learning and Deep Learning Comparison
Although DL is a subset of ML, the two disciplines have differences. ML algorithms typically work with structured data sets and require human intervention. Meanwhile, DL can process raw data and extract patterns from them, but they are computationally intensive and require large amounts of data. The choice of technology depends on the current task, data, available time, and resources.
Why Is It Worth Learning Machine Learning and Deep Learning?
The basis of modern AI is ML, which in turn is the basis of DL. For these reasons, knowledge of ML and DL is essential for almost all AI-related fields. The study of ML and DL will allow the learner to gain practical skills in programming, analysis, statistics, and critical thinking. One can learn Python programming language basics, linear algebra, and probability theory; explore interesting ML algorithms; and study neural networks and DL in general.
Moreover, if a person wants to understand how AI works, such knowledge will enable them to be aware of both the possibilities and the shortcomings of the technology. For example, an ML algorithm often gives incorrect answers, poor results, and incorrect recommendations. Moreover, when using these algorithms, one must consider the quality of the data, privacy, bias, and transparency issues.
A Practical Guide to Learning
The way people start learning ML and DL is by studying Python, mathematics, and methods of working with data sets. Having mastered these disciplines, one can proceed to study data analysis and ML. After that, one can study neural networks and DL. Finally, practical projects will allow one to integrate the knowledge gained.
It is essential to understand that theoretical training should not stop when one gets to the study of DL. One should constantly hone their skills, for example, by working on a specific project or writing a small ML algorithm for image recognition. At first, there may be no idea of what to do, so one can use ready-made code examples from the Internet and modify them.
Responsible AI
Working with any data sets requires responsibility, since such studies carry risks. In particular, for ML algorithms, there are many nuances that must be taken into account during development to obtain accurate results. Therefore, when selecting training sets for ML, one should be aware of data quality, privacy, and bias. One must also carefully evaluate the results of an ML algorithm, since they are often wrong.
Conclusion
ML and DL are subsets of AI, allowing computers to perform complex tasks such as image recognition or language understanding. The concepts of ML may seem intimidating at first, but one can quickly get started by studying Python, linear algebra, data sets, and data analysis. In-depth knowledge of ML and DL will allow one to understand how modern technologies work and conduct independent research.
However, one should not confuse theory with practice: the best way to learn ML is to train on real-world data sets. One should always remember that it is essential to know not only how ML works but also what problems it brings.
