Package Manager Showdown: npm 11 vs. pnpm 9 vs. Yarn 4 for Node.js 26 Projects

\n/**\n * Benchmark script: Compare install times and disk usage for npm 11, pnpm 9, Yarn 4\n * Requirements: Node.js 26+, npm 11, pnpm 9, Yarn 4 installed globally\n * Run: node benchmark-install.mjs\n */\n\nimport { execSync, spawnSync } from 'node:child_process';\nimport { statSync, rmSync, existsSync } from 'node:fs';\nimport { join } from 'node:path';\n\n// Configuration\nconst PROJECTS = [\n  { name: 'express-basic', deps: 142, repo: 'https://github.com/expressjs/express' },\n  { name: 'next-app', deps: 1247, repo: 'https://github.com/vercel/next.js' },\n  { name: 'nestjs-monorepo', deps: 892, repo: 'https://github.com/nestjs/nest' }\n];\nconst ITERATIONS = 3;\nconst CACHE_CLEAN_COMMANDS = {\n  npm: 'npm cache clean --force',\n  pnpm: 'pnpm store prune',\n  yarn: 'yarn cache clean'\n};\nconst INSTALL_COMMANDS = {\n  npm: 'npm install --ignore-scripts',\n  pnpm: 'pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts',\n  yarn: 'yarn install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts'\n};\n\n// Utility: Measure time in ms\nconst measureTime = (fn) => {\n  const start = performance.now();\n  fn();\n  return performance.now() - start;\n};\n\n// Utility: Get folder size in MB\nconst getFolderSize = (path) => {\n  try {\n    const { size } = statSync(path);\n    return size / (1024 * 1024); // Convert to MB\n  } catch (err) {\n    console.error(`Error reading ${path}: ${err.message}`);\n    return 0;\n  }\n};\n\n// Run benchmark for a single project and tool\nconst runBenchmark = (project, tool) => {\n  const projectDir = join(process.cwd(), 'bench-projects', project.name);\n  const nodeModulesPath = join(projectDir, 'node_modules');\n  const toolStorePath = tool === 'pnpm' ? join(projectDir, 'node_modules/.pnpm') : nodeModulesPath;\n\n  // Clean previous runs\n  if (existsSync(projectDir)) {\n    rmSync(projectDir, { recursive: true, force: true });\n  }\n\n  // Clone project (simplified: use local copy or curl, here we use git clone)\n  try {\n    execSync(`git clone --depth 1 ${project.repo} ${projectDir}`, { stdio: 'ignore' });\n  } catch (err) {\n    console.error(`Failed to clone ${project.name}: ${err.message}`);\n    return null;\n  }\n\n  // Clean cache before each tool run\n  try {\n    execSync(CACHE_CLEAN_COMMANDS[tool], { stdio: 'ignore' });\n  } catch (err) {\n    console.warn(`Cache clean failed for ${tool}: ${err.message}`);\n  }\n\n  // Run install ITERATIONS times\n  const times = [];\n  const sizes = [];\n  for (let i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {\n    // Remove node_modules before each install\n    if (existsSync(nodeModulesPath)) {\n      rmSync(nodeModulesPath, { recursive: true, force: true });\n    }\n\n    const installTime = measureTime(() => {\n      const result = spawnSync(INSTALL_COMMANDS[tool], { cwd: projectDir, shell: true });\n      if (result.status !== 0) {\n        throw new Error(`Install failed: ${result.stderr.toString()}`);\n      }\n    });\n\n    times.push(installTime);\n    sizes.push(getFolderSize(toolStorePath));\n  }\n\n  // Calculate median time and average size\n  const medianTime = times.sort((a,b) => a-b)[Math.floor(ITERATIONS/2)];\n  const avgSize = sizes.reduce((a,b) => a+b, 0) / ITERATIONS;\n\n  return {\n    project: project.name,\n    tool,\n    medianTimeMs: Math.round(medianTime),\n    avgSizeMb: Math.round(avgSize * 100) / 100,\n    deps: project.deps\n  };\n};\n\n// Main execution\nconst results = [];\nfor (const project of PROJECTS) {\n  for (const tool of ['npm', 'pnpm', 'yarn']) {\n    console.log(`Running ${tool} benchmark for ${project.name}...`);\n    const result = runBenchmark(project, tool);\n    if (result) results.push(result);\n  }\n}\n\n// Output results as JSON\nconsole.log(JSON.stringify(results, null, 2));\n

\n/**\n * Monorepo setup script: Generate workspaces config for npm 11, pnpm 9, Yarn 4\n * Run: node setup-monorepo.mjs [npm|pnpm|yarn]\n */\n\nimport { writeFileSync, mkdirSync, existsSync } from 'node:fs';\nimport { join } from 'node:path';\nimport { execSync } from 'node:child_process';\n\nconst TOOL = process.argv[2];\nif (!['npm', 'pnpm', 'yarn'].includes(TOOL)) {\n  console.error('Usage: node setup-monorepo.mjs [npm|pnpm|yarn]');\n  process.exit(1);\n}\n\nconst MONOREPO_NAME = 'test-monorepo';\nconst WORKSPACES = ['packages/core', 'packages/utils', 'apps/web'];\nconst BASE_DIR = join(process.cwd(), MONOREPO_NAME);\n\n// Clean existing monorepo\nif (existsSync(BASE_DIR)) {\n  execSync(`rm -rf ${BASE_DIR}`);\n}\nmkdirSync(BASE_DIR, { recursive: true });\n\n// Create workspace directories\nWORKSPACES.forEach(ws => {\n  const wsDir = join(BASE_DIR, ws);\n  mkdirSync(wsDir, { recursive: true });\n  // Write package.json for each workspace\n  const wsPkg = {\n    name: `@test-monorepo/${ws.split('/').pop()}`,\n    version: '1.0.0',\n    main: 'index.js',\n    scripts: {\n      test: 'echo \"Running test for ${npm_package_name}\"'\n    }\n  };\n  writeFileSync(join(wsDir, 'package.json'), JSON.stringify(wsPkg, null, 2));\n  // Write dummy index.js\n  writeFileSync(join(wsDir, 'index.js'), 'module.exports = {};');\n});\n\n// Write root package.json based on tool\nconst rootPkg = {\n  name: MONOREPO_NAME,\n  version: '1.0.0',\n  private: true,\n  workspaces: WORKSPACES\n};\n\n// Tool-specific configs\nswitch (TOOL) {\n  case 'npm':\n    // npm 11 uses workspaces in package.json, no extra config\n    writeFileSync(join(BASE_DIR, 'package.json'), JSON.stringify(rootPkg, null, 2));\n    break;\n  case 'pnpm':\n    // pnpm uses pnpm-workspace.yaml\n    writeFileSync(join(BASE_DIR, 'package.json'), JSON.stringify(rootPkg, null, 2));\n    writeFileSync(\n      join(BASE_DIR, 'pnpm-workspace.yaml'),\n      `packages:\n  - '${WORKSPACES.join(\"'\n  - '\")}'\n`\n    );\n    // Add .npmrc for pnpm\n    writeFileSync(\n      join(BASE_DIR, '.npmrc'),\n      'shamefully-hoist=false\nstrict-peer-dependencies=true\n'\n    );\n    break;\n