Small-scale wind energy has always faced a challenge: accurately estimating how much power a turbine will produce at a specific location. While solar energy benefits from numerous calculators, wind energy tools often fall short—either too simplistic or too technical for everyday users.
This post introduces a modern, interactive wind turbine calculator designed to bridge that gap. It leverages real NASA wind data, authentic turbine power curves, and engineering models to provide homeowners, farmers, and small businesses with clear insights into the feasibility of installing 1–10 kW turbines at their sites.
Why Build a Wind Turbine Calculator?
Small wind energy is a niche but growing sector, vital for rural electrification, off-grid cabins, microgrids, and hybrid solar-wind systems. However, wind resources vary dramatically by location, making reliable production estimates essential.
The calculator taps into NASA POWER's global wind speed and direction data, applying advanced engineering models to estimate:
Annual energy production
Monthly and seasonal variations
Number of turbines needed to meet energy targets
Land area and turbine spacing requirements
Losses including wake effects, electrical inefficiencies, icing, and degradation
All calculations happen live in the browser, offering instant feedback.
How the Calculator Works
At its core, the tool answers: "How many small wind turbines do I need to generate X kWh per year at my location?"
- Fetch NASA POWER Wind Climatology
Multi-year averages
Wind speed at 10 meters
Wind direction distribution
- Apply Wind Engineering Models
Weibull distribution for wind probability
Power law to adjust wind speed to hub height
Air density correction based on elevation
IEC-61400 and IEA loss models
- Simulate Real Turbine Behavior
Includes models for 1 kW, 3 kW, 5 kW, and 10 kW turbines, detailing rotor diameter, cut-in, rated, and cut-out speeds, and full power curves.
- Calculate Annual Energy Production (AEP)
Integrates turbine power curves with Weibull distributions for realistic output estimates.
- Visualize the Wind Rose
Generates an animated directional wind rose using a von Mises distribution, rendered in SVG/Canvas.
- Compute Spacing and Land Requirements
Based on industry norms:
5–9× rotor diameter downwind
3–5× crosswind
User Interface
The calculator features a modern SaaS-style two-panel layout:
Left panel: Sticky sidebar with input controls
Right panel: Live-updating results
Built with TypeScript, React + Vite, TailwindCSS, and Radix UI, it offers a fast, clean, and responsive experience.
Project Structure
client/: React app, UI, and wind calculation engine
server/: Express server for production builds
shared/: Shared constants and logic
Key files include windCalculations.ts (AEP, losses, Weibull, spacing) and turbineModels.ts (power curves and turbine specs).
Example: Estimating Wind Output in London
Input:
Field
Value
Latitude
51.5074
Longitude
-0.1278
Target Energy
100,000 kWh
Turbine Size
10 kW
Terrain
Suburban
The calculator fetches NASA wind data, estimates hub-height wind speed, applies losses, simulates the turbine, and outputs the number of turbines needed, wind rose visualization, and land area estimates—all in real time.
Customization and Extensibility
The project is open and hackable:
Add new turbines by editing turbineModels.ts
Adjust loss assumptions in windCalculations.ts
Modify UI themes via Tailwind and CSS variables
Swap in different wind datasets if needed
Ideal for off-grid system designers, renewable energy students, microgrid planners, and DIY wind enthusiasts.
Contributing
Contributions are welcome, especially for:
New turbine models
Improved loss modeling
UI/UX enhancements
Additional visualizations
The repository uses a simple branching model:
main: stable
feature/*: active development
References & Credits
This project builds on work from:
NASA POWER Project
IEC 61400-2 small wind standards
IEA Wind Task 11
Open-source wind modeling research
Final Thoughts
Small wind energy is often misunderstood but holds great potential when analyzed with accurate data and models. This calculator aims to make wind energy analysis accessible, transparent, and enjoyable.
Explore the open-source code, contribute, or try the tool yourself to see how wind energy can work for you.
